On the way to a fair solution of the Armenian question, unpaid and big moral debt belongs especially to all those countries called allies that at the time made it a chewing gum in their mouths and still chew it: they can neither swallow it nor get rid of it. Especially in geopolitics I have a big caveat regarding what is called moral and legal duty because, according to Garegin Nzdeh, power gives birth to law. However, let's try to imagine that the norm called moral duty is not a purely philosophical concept but is also applicable in the legal field. Let's start with Russia.
Although Russia changed social systems, in each new formation it was and still is the successor of the previous system.

• Rafayel Tadevosyan

Unbiased impressions from any Armenian diaspora community give the opportunity to form correct ideas about that community, that is, to get acquainted with its national, educational and cultural life, publication of books, etc., in a word, with activities undertaken to preserve the Armenian identity.
Today we will present the impressions of historian and publicist Kevork Yazedjian that he got from Egypt. He visited that country for the first time and for a short period, but observed and examined the life of Egyptian Armenians with an expert eye.

• Kevork Yazedjian

Master of khachkars (cross-stones) Ruben Nalbandyan from the village of Arshaluys has found an original solution for Armenian spiritual victories. His khachkars are known almost all over the world. Ruben Nalbandyan has authored about 1050 khachkars, which are found in various places of our planet. In 2011, a khachkar was installed on Cape Horn, on the border of the Pacific and Atlantic oceans, with the inscription "In Memory of the Innocent Victims of Our Planet." In his workshop, Master Ruben also creates monuments of the heroes of the Armenian national-liberation struggle of both classical and modern periods.

• Shushan Siruyan

Shushan Siruyan is one of those lucky people who came to Yerevan  from abroad  to study here and at the end of the 1980s, during the years of their study, were here and witnessed our national revival. And not only witnessed. They stood firm on their native land and were convinced that this is their only and last refuge, that it is possible to live everywhere temporarily, except one's one house, as the great Russian classic Leo Tolstoy said.
Also it was here that Shushan found her future life partner and planted her roots in the homeland. They have created a truly exemplary family. They are doing everything for the development of our statehood and preservation of Armenian identity.

In the history of Armenian liberation struggle, Nikol Duman is considered the founder of attacking tactics. According to him, defense tactics is not always acceptable and it is necessary to conduct punitive operations from time to time. Knowing the Turks and Kurds very well, he was convinced that "Whatever happens, unfortunately it is still the hard power that can instill respect and esteem in both the enemy and in the friend. And a nation that desires to be respected, if it desires not to disappear, must be able to use weapon, must be always ready for self-defense, especially in times of political turmoils."

• Hovik Grigoryan

Since the half of the 1960s, Valery Bryusov Institute of the Russian and Foreign Languages in Yerevan (now State Linguistic Institute) has organized more than ten Bryusov Readings, which have been attended by not only Armenian but also foreign specialists. The issues discussed by literature critics have panhuman importance, because Bryusov's feat wasn't just a result of literary initiative but a call to stop the genocidal hand for the sake of the salvation of Armenian people, which created a unique culture. And the fact that the collection "The Armenian Poetry…" comprised by Bryusov has been republished many times is a great gratitude to this humanist poet and is a reverence before his inimitable feat.

• Mikayel Amirkhanyan

• Mikayel Amirkhanyan

When Armenia and the Armenian people were subjected to barbaric annihilation by the Turks and when the Armenians were faced with the issue of "to be or not to be," Bryusov became a spiritual protector for Armenians. The "Anthology of Armenian Poetry from Ancient Times to Our Days" that he compiled surpassed its initial literary goal and acquired historical significance. What forced Bryusov to create this anthology? What was the issue worrying this Russian poet and how did he solve it? These are key questions that have interested and continue to interest not only specialists but also many others in the course of the last century.

The money raised from the sale of Artsvi Bakhchinyan's novel "Otherlander Muchik from Armenia" has been submitted to the RA Army. The characters of the novel are our contemporaries and live with us; we even know many of them. The novel reflects a number of defective aspects of our life. The actions take place in Armenia, in Otherland, as the author says. These are the mirror reflections of our reality in the last quarter of the century. The questions covered are actual, and the reader knows their answers very well, but the situation doesn't change and doesn't improve. The author speaks about all of this easily, without excess passion, and often with humor.

In 2012, Hayastan Publishing House initiated a grateful endeavor, which took five years to be accomplished. It started to publish the multi-volume edition of all the works by the notable France-based Armenian writer and translator Movses Bchakjian. Eight volumes. Unfortunately, Movses is no more with us physically and will not see his collection published as an academic edition, which is for an Armenian writer from Diaspora a great achievement. For this we are also indebted to Hayastan Publishing House.

• Vahagn Sargsyan
• Meruzhan Ter-Gulanyan
• Margar Sharabkhanyan

In the beginning of the 18th century, in a period when there wasn't Armenian statehood, in a foreign country, a God-chosen man named Mkhitar of Sebastea, as if taking upon himself functions of ministries of education, science and culture, undertook a patriotic endeavor that can't be estimated with ordinary expressions. It is not even enough to call this devoted person a man-institution. Together with his followers and companions, Mkhitar of Sebastea started to develop Armenology, without any exaggeration, on a classic, academic level.

•  Ashot Melkonyan
• Artsvi Bakhchinyan

 Over the past years, a group of graphomaniacs among us have ascribed all the values of rational humans since the creation of the world, all achievements of civilization and culture, to only the Armenians, seeing us in the center of the beginning and end of the world.
Fortunately, sooner or later, archaeological excavations, with relevant scholarly conclusions, answer many disputable questions, and it is not advisable to run ahead and present the desirable as reality. The Armenian super-rich history does not need extra adornments. That is a psychology of the poor, while the creation of false history is not only an ungrateful work but is also unbecoming to us, the Armenians...

• Ashot Melkonyan

Varoujan Sirapian, the director of Tchobanian Institute in Paris, head of Sigest Publishing House and of the French journal "Europe et Orient" is again in Yerevan. After moving to France, our compatriot from Istanbul has been engaged in political and cultural activities. After visiting Armenia for the first time in 2001, he became attached to the Fatherland once and for all. That is, he does not come to Armenia as a tourist but tries to be helpful to this country as much as he is able.

• Varoujan Sirapian

 Stepan Ghorghanyan, the Civil Governor of Kars in 1919-1920, also analyzes in his unpublished memoires the political, military, social, economical, moral and psychological conditions created in the Armenian republic, especially the circumstances of and reasons for the collapse of the Armenian army and for the surrender of the country to the Turks without resistance at the end of October and in the beginning of November 1920, which resulted in the fall of the fragile Armenian state of that time.
Stepan Ghorghanyan's memoires have answers to many questions that are actual and hassle us today also.

• Vladimir Harutyunyan

In the three previous broadcasts, we presented Germany as the chief sharer of the guilt of the Armenian Genocide, and the policy of two Entente countries, our alleged allies Great Britain and France, during the World War I generally and the Genocide years particularly. Now it is the turn of Russia, which was and is also considered an ally to us, but we forget that super powers have other political interests; they don't have any relation to romanticism…

• Rafael Tadevosyan

What was the difference of the policy of France regarding the Armenian question in the 19th-20th centuries from that of its neighbour, Great Britain?
France had its big share in the crash of the Armenian question and in the Kemalist aggression against the Republic of Armenia in post-war years. The superpowers were extremely mean in helping the Armenians, which was especially demonstrated at San Remo conference. What did the false prestige of the defenders of small nations in the East give to the allies?

• Rafael Tadevosyan

Great Britain has always had a pro-Turkish policy against Russia. Though during the World War I it was one of the Entente states and thus our ally, it did nothing to prevent the extermination of the Armenians in their homeland. 
The British Prime Minister David Lloyd George's hypocritical words—"The action of the  British Government led inevitably to the terrible massacres of 1895-97, 1909 and worst of all to the holocausts of 1915”—are another demonstration of British cynicism...

• Rafael Tadevosyan

Military historian Rafael Tadevosyan examined a number of actual issues, very important for the foreign policy of our country, in his study "The Armenian Genocide: Ten Questions and Nine Answers." The question of the Armenian Genocide is one of priorities of the foreign policy of our state. For more than 100 years, not only this problem has not been solved, not only we have been unable to solve it, but it has also become an inseparable part of our essence, and its consequences affect us and will continue affect in many regards. This is not an issue that could be easily solved, but we must achieve its solution. When? I don't know. But we are obliged to solve it. How? Perhaps each individual with dignity knows the answer... 

• Rafael Tadevosyan

The decree of the Venice Council of Elders from September 8, 1717, granted the island of San Lazzaro near the city to the Mkhitarist Congregation. In the period of the conquering policy of Napoleon Bonaparte when the churches in Italy began to be closed, the Mkhitarist Monastery not only continued its normal life but also received a special status, of an Armenian academy. In the field of Armenology, the contribution of the Mkhitarists is undeniable: they not only established this field but also created valuable scholarly works that have not lost their importance to this day.

• Aelita Dolukhanyan

During the course of history, some foreigners have left numerous written testimonies about the qualities of Armenian soldiers. But the testimonies from ancient times are few. These inscriptions didn't intend to reveal and glorify the Armenian soldiers, especially if the authors were kings. They just tried to conquer the Armenian Highland and always met the resistance of the Armenian defense force armed with the best weapons of the time. If in later periods they were able to conquer the homeland of the Armenians, they wrote testimonies about the difficulty by which they had won the Armenian soldiers.

• Anzhela Teryan

For decades, the Diaspora Armenian Garo Hagopian, a mathematician and specialist in IT field, has been simultaneously engaged in public activity. When still young, he entered the national and public sphere and founded and led Armenian cultural organizations and published newspapers. In 2003, he founded the Armenian Assembly of Europe, which aims to protect and develop the national and cultural interests of European Armenians as well as to support, to the best of its capability, the solution of the Armenian Question.

After the earthquake, we all thought that our Diaspora compatriots would make our country flourish in a short time, becoming themselves inhabitants of their Fatherland. But on the wave of the independence, the appetite of those that came to power was fathomless and their pockets bottomless. While the patience and trust of our compatriots from the Diaspora were not fathomless. Soon part of them, the ones who had been more deceived, bid farewell to their dreams once and for all.
But why, why...?

• Hovhannes Stepanyan

The mission of Samvel Karapetyan, expert of architecture, the head of the Yerevan branch of the Research on Armenian Architecture Foundation, is to make Armenia, our homeland, more known among us. All his published studies and the organization he heads serve this purpose. The "History of Armenia" series authored by him will include a symbolic number of volumes, thirty six, the number of the letters of the Armenian alphabet.
Samvel Karapetyan aims to make the Armenian people acquainted with the history of their homeland from region to region, from village to village. Indeed, a course for learning the homeland. This series begins with the history of Hayots Dzor region of the province of Vaspurakan of Armenia Major.

• Samvel Karapetyan

The scholarly legacy of Edvard Atayan comprises several fields: linguistics, semiotics, philosophy, and psychology. As a free thinking scholar, he connected these fields with the principle of freedom without limiting and constraining himself in the frames of any theory. Semiotics and philosophy are intertwined in his studies, and he came to this through linguistics, which is natural, because, according to the scholar Atayan, "language is a part of this world, and at the same time, this world is also a language in a sense."

• Ashot Abrahamyan, Davit Gyulzadyan, Davit Mosinyan

Many of us who are contemporaries of ASALA, the Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia, and some younger ones also, have gathered scanty information about this secret organization from media sources or have read very few books written with different intentions. Karo Vardanyan's novel "Explosions in Turkey and… Not Only: ASALA from the Inside" that is based on real events reveals information from one of the ASALA members who is not disclosed. "I do not know how much life is left for me to live. I only know that at least hundred times I have escaped death or inevitable arrest. Now I think it will be unfair if I take all of this away with me," he had said.

• Karo Vardanyan